Friday, 24 April 2009

Evaluation

In this task we were asked to create a two-minute film opening. We wanted to create something that we could present well, therefore we decided not to work within the horror genre as we thought it would be hard to create something realistic due to the specific conventions that we thought had to be displayed correctly for the footage to be realistic. So we chose film noir as it wouldn't create a big list of props and costumes therefore the cost would be low. By choosing film nior it was possible to develop appropriate forms and conventions within the limits of the equipment and facilities available. We also thought it would be fairly simple to create and we liked the idea or creating mystery and enigma. We had some influences that gave us different ideas and thoughts. For example we watched sin city and picked up the idea of having the femme fatal. We thought this created enigma as the audience is intrigued by the dominant sexy female. We also watched LA Confidential, again we liked the idea of the femme fatal. We also thought that the mise en scene was effective as it represented the genre well. In particular we liked the spiral staircase that was in the house. We adopted ideas for our costume choices from these film opening that we watched as we thought they created an image of a sexy and sophisticated women.
In this screen grab you can see how we hav
e represented the genre well by the mise en scene. The interior decor of the hotel has a historical feel to it so it creates a sense of the 1940's and 50's. It is also elegant and suggests wealth and class and these were the connotations that we wanted to associate with the character. The decor is also elegant therefore we wanted this to be representative of the women as she represents wealth, elegance and is typical of the femme fatal.

The storyline is an enigmatic love story that stereotypically would involve a male and female, however we challenged this stereotype and used a homosexual female as the character that's desires the love of the femme fatal. Our film opening fits into the film noir genre well. This is because it has many different conventions that are applicable to the genre. We hav
e used many different conventions of film noir, we have the femme fatal, the grand hotel, the classic piano, the smoke on the black screen and the American voice over. I think that the use of the grand setting of the hotel works very well as it represents the genre and a lifestyle of the upper classes, which are conventional of this genre. One interesting convention of film noir was the use of shots through the mirrors, I think this works well as it adds variety to the shots. The pace of editing also represents typical conventions of film noir as it is slow paced. We have also used very subtle use of shadows which again is obvious convention of film noir, we also used this to create mystery. However we have subverted the genre as the idea of the dominant male is discarded, in this place is the mysterious female. We wanted to use a black dress for the first women as is represents class and sophistication, this is what we wanted her to represent. We wanted the second woman (the woman talking over the footage) to wear a red dress as it represents danger and mystery. Both of these representations link with the film noir genre as they link with the idea of the femme fatal. As we have subverted the genre we wanted to create two strong femme fatals therefore balanced with out the dominant male. We wanted the representation of the women to be independent and classy, therefore we chose the location carefully. We picked a grand hotel to emphasis this. We also wanted the representation of the women to be sexy as well therefore we picked the slow and classy piano music and the different colour dresses to emphasize this. We have represented the noir genre further in the beginning of the opening by the black background and smoke. This represents the genre, as smoke is a distinctive convention of film noir. Again, using the monochrome effect on i movie creates a vintage look that fits with the time periodof the 1940's and 50's.

Our film opening would be distributed by a independent company as it would have a niche audience. This is because it doesn't fit into current mainstream/ blockbuster films as it is a low budget film. Our film refers to 1940's and 50's cinematography as we used effects such a sepia and black effects, the classic mise en scene and the classical music. All of these factors fit to the film noir genre that is typical of Alfred Hitchcock 'Topaz'. For example typical places that our film would be screened would be places like The Phoenix and The Picture house in Exeter. Both of these venues are specialists in showing original and independent film’s as they are original for 2009 as they specialize in new media arts. Broadcasters that would show our film would be typically Film Four as they support independent filmmakers and British filmmaking. Our film does not offer opportunities for merchandising, as it is not a mainstream or blockbuster film therefore it is not open to merchandising or franchises opportunities. If our film was to be shown on the Internet it would be shown on websites such as http://www.ifc.com/ this is an independent film website that shows films such as 'getting away with murder' and 'cutting ties'. Another website that might show our film piece would be http://www.indiewire.com/ this shows more student and amateur based films.

The audience for our film piece would be typical of the people who would go The Phoenix a
nd The Picture house. Their typical interests would be art, literature and media based as these places specialize in them. Typical class status would be middle class as the interests of viewers would be in the middle class area. Our film opening could also appeal to a younger audience as we have used a young actress for the main character. The mise en scene in our film opening represents higher class from the grand staircase and the way that the femme fatal is dressed, this would therefore appeal to upper classes as well. The age range would possibly middle age to older age individuals as the genre and the narrative of the film would appeal to an older audience. However films such a 'Sin City' and 'The Matrix' are typical of the neo noir genre, aiming at a younger audience due to the action and animated opening in 'Sin City' and the action and mystery in 'The Matrix'. This therefore could create an interest within a younger audience. Gender is flexible due to the romance, themes, setting and subverting of the genre. It would appeal to males as it creates mystery and the aspect of subverting the genre would attract a male audience. It would attract a female audience as it represents women in a strong and powerful perspective, creates mystery and is romantic. One film similar to our film is LA confidential as it is typical of the film noir genre as ours is. It uses the femme fatal as we do, it also uses similar costumes with the femme fatal as she wears a black dress. In one of the scenes the femme fatal opens the door only revealing half of her face, she then opens the door with a sweeping movement to reveal a grand staircase. In our film opening our first piece of footage is the women walking up a grand spiral staircase.

Our film has created enigma to attract an audience by subverting the genre and by the ending as the audience does not know if the pair will meet. We originally wanted two characters, one being male and the other female. As our film opening was based on film noir we wanted to use an American accent for the mans voice over as it represented the genre well, we got this idea from Sin City as in the opening there is a voice over with an American accent. Our friend has an American accent, however our friend is female and we wanted to have a male voice over. Therefore we planned to record the voice over and lower the pitch levels on i movie so that it would sound like a male voice. When we did this it sounded like an artificially feminine male voice and it clearly didn't work. So we decided to subvert the genre as we thought leaving it as a female voice over created enigma as the challenging content gave our film individuality. By having the voice over we create enigma as it raises questions like who is talking? and How are the two characters related? Our film opening does not follow conventions of typical media products because the majority of films follow Propp’s character theory of the male being the hero and the woman being the damsel in distress. Our film subverts this genre by having the stereotypical damsel in distress the strong femme fatal as there is no dominant male. We subvert the genre again by challenging the male gaze theory as now it is the other way round as females are in the position of the males in some senses. Originally for the beginning of our footage we wanted to have a black screen with non diagetic sound of a women's heels walking at a slow pace, this acting as a sound bridge would create enigma as the audience is left wondering who is there and what are they doing. This would then cut to a low angle shot of the femme fatals legs walking slowly, this again creates enigma as the audience can only see her legs. We again create enigma through the audience not knowing what the note says and who the note is handed to, to give to the other women. The way in which we have presented our titles attracts the audience by representing the genre, this therefore would appeal to its audience as it would reflect their specific preferred style of film. The titles create mystery in many different ways, the smoke creates mystery as smoke disguises various things therefore this suggests that the film has hidden secrets. I also think the piano in the background adds to this point as it is classical and represents the genre very well. We have not used fast paced editing or shots as they do not fit with the genre. Instead we used long and medium shots and slow editing to focus of the femme fatals beauty and elegance.

I learned a lot about the filming process when filming our footage we found that planning our footage was vital as we referred to the storyboard when in doubt. However our final ideas were different from our initial ideas on some places, this is because we found that when filming some shots they didn't actually look as good as we thought or they didn't work generally. One shot that particularly didn't work was a low angle shot of the femme fatals feet walking. We tried this by lowering the camera to the floor and tracking. However this left us with camera shake that we didn't want, therefore we decided not to use this idea. When filming the smoke we used a black piece of sugar paper, we then got our friend to lay on the floor and light a cigarette, we then got her to slowly let out whips of smoke to create the effect we wanted. However when filming i realized some of the footage was unusable as we had looked through the screen on the side of the camera instead of looking through the lens, this lead to an extra frame around the edge of the sugar paper that we didn't want. Luckily we had more than enough footage that we filmed correctly. When filming the pieces of footage near the staircase we found that we were able to frame the shots well as we had a large space to work with. There were a few shots in particular that we filmed to create diversity within shots. For example there is a shot of the femme fatal walking up the first part of the stairs, we filmed a match on action here. We also filmed another match on action by filming the femme fatal from a view in the mirror and then by moving the camera next to her. My favourite shot of this sequence is the shot where the femme fatal is walking up the second part of the staircase as i think the mise en scene represents the genre well. We encountered some trouble when filming the second match on action sequence as when we looked back at the footage we found continuity errors. One moment the femme fatal is walking and her scarf is around her arms then it is around her shoulders and then around her arms again. We planned on re filming this, however we found a different shot that was more interesting and that broke up the sequence, this was a low angle shot of the femme fatals legs, similar to the type of shot we originally wanted to use. We didn't really encounter many problems with the rest of the filming other than a shot of the femme fatal laying on the bed reading the note, in the background was a television on the floor, this therefore created a problem as we didn't want to have any items that represented technology from today's life. We found that we needed to use a tripod for all shots, as we didn't want an unsteady camera effect on our film, as it didn't represent the genre. We found the camera easy to use as we had used it previously in the preliminary task. In our second filming session we filmed the shots of the flash back, this was not planned originally as we thought about these shots and ideas later on. We found that this went well and the only problem we encountered was framing as some of the mise en scene didn’t work well as it look old and tattered. However we worked around this by framing the shot so that the parts of mise en scene that didn’t work well were out of the frame. We also found it hard when it came to filming the passing of the note as it was being passed over the bar. The bar had the beer stands along the front of the bar, this obviously was a problem as they would not have been present in typical 1940’s and 50’s time period. So we had to work around this by framing the shot carefully. Before we decided that we wanted to use the piano in the background we experimented with garage band. I learned a great deal on this that I think will help me in the future when I create music projects as I will know the basics like creating loops and so on. I have also leaned how to use a mp3 recorder to record the voice over, I found this useful as we were able to record the voice over as many times as we wanted onto the memory disc. I found this useful as we didn't have to keep reviewing our recording before we moved on, we could work at a faster pace this way. I then learned how to upload the data to the mac and transfer it to imovie HD. We also learnt how to take photographs of our storyboard on imovie by holding up piece of paper and recorded them with isight, we then pressed the shift button and the apple button and 4 and print screened then image so that we could upload them up
to our blogs.

When it came to editing our footage we found that we had far to much footage as we film
ed certain shots in different angles to make sure that we had a variety to chose from. Once we had cut down to all the relevant footage we began to order our footage. When applying the titles we originally wanted to have them in the bottom right hand corner, as they would be on the other side of the smoke. However there was no way of doing this on i movie so we decided to place them centrally, we made the titles white to stand out against the black background. We then decided to change the colour of our footage to create the effect that it is old footage from the 1940's/50's. We first tried black and white, however this left a grainy effect that didn't look professional as it took attention away from the actual footage. So we tried many different other effects when we came to monochrome effect. This worked well as it created the look we wanted that represented the genre well. When editing the footage we wanted a slow pace of editing as film noir is not a fast paced action genre therefore we wanted to stick to the typical conventions by creating slow smooth editing. When editing the match on action we found it was vital to cut the clips exact to create a smooth transaction. We wanted the voice over to be significant to the genre so we wanted to use an American accent, our friend has an American accent, however she is female and we originally wanted the other character to be a male. We tried to lower the pitch levels in imovie but like I said before it sounded like an artificially feminine male voice. We thought about re-recording the voice over in a British accent, but we wanted to keep to American accent as we thought it represented the genre well. We also thought that having two females would create enigma as the audience would not expect this conventionally therefore they would want to know what is going to happen next.

When reviewing our film we thought that we needed something else, as it felt bare. We chose to put some music over the footage. We chose a piano piece by Chopin, we picked this as we thought it fitted the footage itself well as it was slow and calm like the pace of editing and shots. The piece itself fits the mise en scene well as it is grand and could be associated with the upper classes. When both the music and voice over were added we played the footage back, we found that the piano was too loud compared to the voice over. So we lowered the levels of the piano and raised the levels of the voice over. After doing this we still thought that something else was missing, we decided to
raise the levels at the beginning of the foota
ge so that the piano was louder when there was no voice over. We found that this worked well with the titles and smoke as it created a professional and tasteful effect which we thought represented typical conventions of the film noir genre. When the voice over began we lowered the levels of the piano and raised the levels of the voice over, again at the end of the vo
ice over we raised the levels of the piano.

I have learnt a great deal since the preliminary task. One of the main aspects I have grown in is planning. In the preliminary task we planned well however not enough. In this task we have planned in detail by making our storyboard as thorough as we could. We made prop list and costume lists. We planned schedules of times to meet to film and times to review our footage. We planned to meet in our free period that matched to edit and work on ideas. By planning in detail like this it has helped us when we filmed because we have been able to get on with filming without pondering about what shots to use and what shots would look best as we had already thought about this. It enabled us to film shots 3-4 times each to make sure that we had a choice of shots.

My knowledge of using a camera was not good in the preliminary task as I didn’t think about framing the shot by using different aspects such as the rule of thirds or horizontal and vertical planes. I now think carefully about framing each shot so that it looks professional. I have also improved in the area of mise en scene as in the preliminary task I didn't think about how the mise en scene was important. However now I think that the mise en scene is very important in representing the genre and making the film look professional. I have also learnt that using a tripod helps to reduce camera shake as it keeps the camera steady. When using imovie I have learnt so much more about adding music and voice overs to my footage. I have learnt how to change the sound levels at specific points in the footage to raise or lower the levels. In the preliminary task we only worked on the editing, we didn’t change or add any sound so I was not familiar with changing the sound levels. I think I have learnt the most when it comes to editing as I feel so much more confident when it comes to cutting clips, adding transactions, adding sound and adding titles. When cutting clips like match on action shots I now take extra time and attention in cutting the clip to the exact point where the next clip will be inserted. Whereas in the preliminary task we cut the clips carefully but we didn’t understand fully how smooth we could make the cuts. We have learnt to use different transactions in our footage that we didn’t think we would use. For example when the voiceover talks about the femme fatal in the bar we use a wash in effect to create the idea that the footage is going back in time, like a flash back. We used the flash out effect when the footage changes back to the femme fatal in the bedroom. We also used a black fade in effect before the titles appear, we did this so that the title didn’t just appear on the screen to quickly. We also used a black fade out effect at the end to make the end fade away smoothly. I also have learnt how to apply a monochrome effect to the footage to create a vintage look that is representative of the 1940's and 50's. i think this worked well as again it represents the genre well and creates a image that is representative of a higher class.
I have also learned a lot about blending titles, sound and footage synchronously together to create a professional look.

Overall I am very happy with our final product as I think we have produced a film opening that represents the genre well and that is of a good standard as we have researched and planned well in order to do this. We worked well when it came to planning ideas and picking different shots. When reviewing our footage we thought that we had created enigma well by subverting the genre, by having the mysterious voiceover and by the audience not knowing what the note says. One of my favorite aspects of our film opening is the titles as I think the smoke against the black works really well. I think it represents the genre well as when I was researching the film noir genre I found that smoke is used a lot in many different ways. One negative point to our film opening is that when we reviewed our footage we thought that the ending was slightly to long. However at this point we had too much to do to reschedule any more filming, so we cut the clip as much as we could without creating any jumps or glitches in the footage or by ending the footage on a abrupt ending. Another negative point of our film opening is that I personally think the voice over is too short. I think that it should have ended when the footage ended because it would have worked well like this because the end words are “I would do anything to get her”, I think it would have worked well if the footage ended on these words. However we recorded the voice over and the person who we recorded was not able to record it again so we had to keep it as was. We screened our film opening to a group of people and made questionnaires to see what they thought was good and what they thought was bad. We found that most of the people recognized the genre of film. The stairs and mirror shots were good and they liked the pace of editing. Some negative points were that the ending was slightly to long and that we should have had a British voice over. Overall I am very happy with our film opening and I now know many different skills that will help me in future projects.

Wednesday, 22 April 2009

Preview of our film opening.

We screened our film opening to around 16 people and gave them a questionnaire to fill in to see what people thought was good and bad about our footage. We found that most of the people thought that our piece was most likely to be an independent film as it would appeal to a niche audience who would go to art houses to watch specialty films.

Advantages of our film opening.
  • Represented the genre well
  • The setting worked well
  • The voiceover worked well
  • The stairs and perfume shots worked well
Disadvantages of our film opening.
  • The end shot was slightly to long
  • More shots to break the footage up
We took this information and found it useful and we understood how we could improve our footage for the next time we filmed.

Tuesday, 17 March 2009

Editing session two.

Our second editing session went well as we added all of the footage we filmed and it all work really well with the footage we had before. We decided not to use the close up shots as they didnt turn out as well as we wanted them to. We also added the music to our piece of footage, we chose Mozart as it added to the elegance to the mise en scene. We recorded the dialogue with Scarlett, we decided to do this with a mp3 recorder, this worked very well. When we added the dialogue we decided to add it later on the the footage as we wanted the piano to play for a while to create enigma and to again add to the elegance of the mise en scene.

Filming session two.

Our second filming session didn't go as well as the first session did as we did not plan it as well as we did the first time. We spent a lot of time talking about what shots to do, this was time consuming, however when we had a clear idea of what we wanted to do the filming went smoothly and we left with some very good footage. We also filmed a voyeuristic long shot from the mysterious women looking at the femme fatal which creates enigma as this is the first time there is any form of a shot of the mysterious women. Now we have completed the filming, this is a big relief!

Planning our second filming session.

We met only for a short amount of time to talk about what was going to happen and what shots we need to film and in what locations in the hotel. We have decided to re-film the footage that had continuity errors, we will replace this with a close up of the femme fatals elegant legs walking. We will also film a close up shots of a note being passed across the bar as we did not cover this in the last filming session. We also want to get some close ups of the femme fatals eyes, lips and hands as we want to break up our footage a bit and we want to add a variety of shots to the footage.

Editing session one.

The first editing session went well, we began by deleting irrelevant footage and then putting the footage we wanted to keep into the correct order. We then began to cut our footage so that each clip ran smoothly into each other. We found that there was some footage that was irrelevant, we also found that there was a continuity error. This was when the femme fatal walks along a corridor, she has a scarf hanging over her arms, in the next shot she has it over her shoulders and then in the final shot she had it hanging back around her arms. We decided this was to risky to keep in as we would loose marks for it. Therefore we decided in our second filming session to re-film that particular piece of footage. The only problem we did encounter with the editing was with a piece of footage that jumped for some reason, we could work out why it was jumping and after a long time of trying to fix the problem we succeeded.

Filming session one.

Today we met at the Imperial hotel at 6.00pm to begin filming, earlier on in the day we had completed our story board therefore we were able to get on with the filming straight away rather than pondering over where to film and what shots to use. The first session of filming went really well and we filmed almost everything. This meant there will be less to film in the second session. We also filmed what parts we did various times to reduce the chance of lots of re-filming. It was a time consuming process though because we were obviously filming in a public place which meant people repeatedly stepped in the shot. I am happy we did a schedule to follow because that made us more organized and we had no confusion with what part we had to film next. Though out the filming session we made some changes as seeing some angles on the tape is different to seeing them on paper. Therefore some improvement and changes were made whilst filming but generally we covered lots of footage that is of good quality.

Planning our first filming session.

We have prepared our story boards, equipment, props and costume lists. We are now ready to film, we have set a time and date with the hotel for our filming to take place. We didn't have many financial costs for our film opening, we only needed around £20 as we could borrow most of our props and costumes,the only costs were travel costs and we had to buy the black trilby. We our now ready to begin filming.

Actors.

We struggled to find actors to take part in our film opening, when we did find someone willing our schedules clashed. Therefore Freya played the part of the femme fatale as it was far more simple rather then working around other peoples schedules. The other female character was our friend, Scarlett, who also did the voiceover. This worked out well as she understood the story due to her playing a major part in recording the voice over. The only downfall of our actors were that we looked young so it lacked realism. We originally planned to have two professional actors in our film, Paris selley and Tom Riley, but their schedules clashed with our own.

Dialogue and sound.

Our main soundtrack is a voiceover. We originally planned on it being a males voice, in an american accent. However no one was willing to do it except our friend Scarlett. As she is American it helped to fit with the genre however when it came to lowering the pitch and tone of her voice to it didn't sound right. We came to the conclusion that we change the story line to a female love story opposed to a male one, this therefore creating more enigma. The voice over said: "Every time i saw her my heart stopped. She was stunning. She had long golden hair. Her voice caressed my ears like velvet. I first saw her in december. The weather was icy and crisp. It was at the imperial hotel. She was sat at the opposite side of the bar to me slowly sipping a martini. I didnt know who she was, or why she was there. But i knew that she was beautiful... and i would do anything to get her." The content of the voiceover is clearly about love but it also creates enigmas. Why were they at the imperial? How did they have a connection? Will she do anything dangerous to get her? The second sound piece we have is a piece of classical music from mozart. We chose this because it adds to the elegance of the main character. It is also synchronous with the mise-en-scene of a grand hotel.

Costume 2.






This black suit is similar to what we want the male character to wear as I think it represents the genre well. It also represents sophistication and class, this therefore again fitting well with the genre.

We again for the same reasons wanted the male character to wear a black trilby hat as it would represent the genre well.






Costume 1.



This black dress is similar to the type of dress that we want the femme fatale to wear. We want the dress to be black as it represents mystery and elegance. A black dress is traditionally worn in the evening, therefore suggesting she is a women of the night.




We also wanted her to wear a black scarf as it added to the elegance of the costume.








Friday, 13 March 2009

Prop and equipment list.

Prop list
  • Two perfume bottles
  • Note
  • Book
  • Necklace
  • Black bag
  • Bracelet
  • Lipstick
Equipment list
  • Video camera
  • Tripod 

Locations.

We have decided to use the Imperial hotel for our filming as it has the grand and elegant setting that we wanted for film opening. We will be using the reception hall way, spiral staircase, the first floor hallway and a bedroom. We chose this place because it represents wealth and higher status through the decor. This is the representation that we wanted to give the the enigmatic femme fatal. It also had old periodic signifiers which gives a feeling of the late 1930's and 40's, this again fitting with the film noir genre. The character playing the femme fatal also wears an outfit that we adapted to signify this era and style therefore we felt like the and mise en scene worked well.

Friday, 6 March 2009

Planning our initial ideas.

Our initial ideas consisted around the Film Noir genre, we wanted to create something realistic therefore we thought this was good genre to create ideas around.
Our first idea.
To have a titles over a black screen with smoke floating in the background. Non diagetic sounds of a car pulling up and stopping, there is then a cut from the titles to a low angle shot of the women's legs walking, this would then cut back to the titles and then again to the women's legs. We then wanted to have voyeuristic tracking shots of the women in her hotel room whilst the voice over from a mysterious man was playing. This therefore creating enigma as the audience do not know who he is yet. We then wanted some sort of love note to be passed between the two characters. We wanted to end our piece of a cliff hanger.

Our second idea.
Our second idea was to have a montage of photographs of a beautiful el
egant women, in between the photographs we wanted to have footage in slow motion of the woman i
n her bedroom pampering herself. This therefore representing she care
s about her looks and is vein.
Over the footage is a voice over of a man declaring his love for the women. 

Our final idea.
For our final idea we picked the strongest parts of the first two ideas and put then together with some other ideas. We wanted our setting to be grand and elegant therefore we chose to set it in a old grand hotel. The footage would start with a black screen with smoke slowly floating across the screen. Then white titles appear centrally on the screen. We th
en wanted to have a tracking shot of the woman walking up a grand spiral staircase, then she would walk along a corridor to a bedroom where she would walk around whilst a voice over plays in the background, the voice over talks about how he loves the women and will
 do anything to get her. There is then a flash back of him passing a note under her do
or. As she sees the note by the door she picks it up and reds it, then we her sat by the mirror looking at the note, the footage ends there. We decided to end the footage there as we wanted to create enigma as the audience is left not 
knowing wether she reply's to his message. 













Research on Film Noir.

Film noir is the genre we have adopted for our film opening, we will explain why in the proposal however we have to research the techniques and ways in which film noir is represented. A good example of film noir is this youtube video made by students. We are taking inspirtation and guidance from it:

Film noir is a cinematic term used primarily to describe stylish Hollywood crime dramas, particularly those that emphasize moral ambiguity and sexual motivation. Hollywood's classic film noir period is generally regarded as stretching from the early 1940s to the late 1950s. Film noir of this era is associated with a low-key black-and-white visual style that has roots in German Expressionist cinematography, while many of the prototypical stories and much of the attitude of classic noir derive from the hardboiled school of crime fiction that emerged in the United States during the Depression.

The term film noir, first applied to Hollywood movies by French critic Nino Frank in 1946, was unknown to most American film industry professionals of the era. Cinema historians and critics defined the canon of film noir in retrospect; many of those involved in the making of the classic noirs later professed to be unaware of having created a distinctive type of film.


Visual style
l style Shadows of window blinds fall upon private eye Jake Gittes, performed by Jack Nicholson, in Chinatown (1974). Film noirs tended to use low-key lighting schemes producing stark light/dark contrasts and dramatic shadow patterning. The shadows of Venetian blinds or banister rods, cast upon an actor, a wall, or an entire set, are an iconic visual in film noir and had already become a cliché well before the neo-noir era. Characters' faces may be partially or wholly obscured by darkness—a relative rarity in conventional Hollywood moviemaking. While black-and-white cinematography is considered by many to be one of the essential attributes of classic noir, color films such as Leave Her to Heaven (1945), Niagara (1953), Slightly Scarlet, and Vertigo (1958) are regarded as noir by varying numbers of critics.

Film noir is also known for its use of Dutch angles, low-angle shots, and wide-angle lenses. Other devices of disorientation relatively common in film noir include shots of people reflected in one or more mirrors, shots through curved or frosted glass or other distorting objects (such as during the strangulation scene in Strangers on a Train), and special effects sequences of a sometimes bizarre nature. Beginning in the late 1940s, location shooting—often involving night-for-night sequences—became increasingly frequent in noir.

Structure and narrational devices
Film noirs tend to have unusually complicated story lines, frequently involving flashbacks, flashforwards, and other techniques that disrupt and sometimes obscure the narrative sequence. Voiceover narration—most characteristically by the protagonist, less frequently by a secondary character or by an unseen, omniscient narrator—is sometimes used as a structuring device. Both flashbacks and voiceover narration are today often used in movies looking to quickly establish their neo-noir bona fides. Bold experiments in cinematic storytelling were sometimes attempted in noir: Lady in the Lake, for example, is shot entirely from the point of view of protagonist Philip Marlowe; the face of star (and director) Robert Montgomery is seen only in mirrors.

Plots, characters, and settings
Crime, usually murder, is an element of almost all film noirs; in addition to standard-issue greed, jealousy is frequently the criminal motivation. A crime investigation—by a private eye, a police detective (sometimes acting alone), or a concerned amateur—is the most prevalent, but far from dominant, basic plot. In other common plots the protagonists are implicated in heists or con games, or in murderous conspiracies often involving adulterous affairs. False suspicions and accusations of crime are frequent plot elements, as are betrayals and double-crosses. Amnesia is far more common in film noir than in real life, and cigarette smoking can seem virtually mandatory.

Certain archetypal characters appear in many film noirs—hardboiled detectives, femmes fatales, corrupt policemen, jealous husbands, intrepid claims adjusters, and down-and-out writers. As can be observed in many movies of an overtly neo-noir nature, the private eye and the femme fatale are the character types with which film noir has come to be most identified, but only a minority of movies now regarded as classic noir feature either. For example, of the nineteen National Film Registry noirs, in only four does the star play a private eye: The Maltese Falcon, The Big Sleep, Out of the Past, and Kiss Me Deadly. Just two others readily qualify as detective stories: Laura and Touch of Evil.

Film noir is often associated with an urban setting, and a few cities—Los Angeles, San Francisco, New York, and Chicago, in particular—are the location of many of the classic films. In the eyes of many critics, the city is presented in noir as a "labyrinth" or "maze." Bars, lounges, nightclubs, and gambling dens are frequently the scene of action. The climaxes of a substantial number of film noirs take place in visually complex, often industrial settings, such as refineries, factories, trainyards, power plants—most famously the explosive conclusion of White Heat. In the popular (and, frequently enough, critical) imagination, in noir it is always night and it always rains.

Friday, 30 January 2009

Quadrophenia deconstruction notes.

Fade in from black to a long shot of two men walking over a hill against the sunset, the men are in silhouette against the sunset, this therefore creates enigma as we cannot see who they are. There is mysterious music in the background, diagetic sounds of the sea, non diagetic sounds of birds.
The music fades in quickly and then fades back out again. We hear more diagetic sounds of leaves crunching. Through out all of this there is shill the long shot of the men still walking. Then there is a close up of the sunset. Then the footage cuts into one of the men riding a motorbike, there is upbeat rock music. The titles zoom in over the footage, titles are in yellow writing to stand out against the action. Titles are fast fast paced to fit with the action of the man on the motorbike and the past pace of the music. Voice over the music from the main character over music which is slightly faded down in order for the voice over to be heard. Music fades out with a black fade out. This is an effective film opening as the upbeat music is effective as it creates an excited feel to the opening. Another effective aspect is how the characters has been established, through out the opening sequence we can clearly see who the main character is as he is presented whilst the titles are being show and he is in the main focus through the sequel. One aspect for improvement would be to show more characters to create further enigma.

Snatch deconstruction.

Firstly we see the titles appearing against a black background, this therefore is used to make the writing stand out. There is a voice over from one of the characters who is telling the audience about past events. Whilst this is happening there are more titles over the footage, this writing is white backed on black, this is used in order for the audience to read the writing. There are tracking shots of Jewish men waling along corridors. The shots cut from tracking shots to shots of CCTV monitors that are showing footage of the men walking through the corridors. There is music played in the background, this music is what we would stereotypically associate with Jewish people. We then see many jump cuts to fit with the action of the scene, we also see some of the cuts are spun around to fit reinforce the idea that the action is unpredictable. As the men rip of their costumes and pull out many different guns. There is fast upbeat electro music to fit the action. When there is a piece of action that is fast paced the footage speeds up on purpose to create a tense and edgy feeling for the audience. We then see a short clip of each of the characters doing something that is significant to there personality. Each of the short clips turn into freeze frames and the characters name and the actors names appear in white against the colour background in the still shot. On one of the still shots is of a man looking at a book, when the footage starts playing again the man looks into the book and the camera spirals into the middle of the front cover where the picture of the next shot is. Once the camera has set onto the next shot the film carries on. The next piece of editing is of a diamond, this is done by using the reflections of a character in the diamond, next there is a zoom onto the diamond and onto the reflection and then onto the next shot. From this opening scene of the film we can detect that the genre of the film is a action film. This is a effective film opening as it creates enigma and is action filled leaving the audience wanting to watch more.